The Government has just approved the national master planning for the period of 2021 - 2030, with a vision to 2050.
By 2030, Vietnam aims to become a developing country that has modern industry, medium-high income, an effective, unified and sustainable model of organization of space of national development aiding in establishment of locomotive urban areas, regions and economic centers, and synchronous and modern basic infrastructure network; maintains major balances, improves the resilience of the economy; ensures energy security, food security and water source security; protects ecological environment, adapts to climate change; improves the material and spiritual life of the people; ensures national defense and security.
The national master planning also sets out specific objectives and targets
In terms of Economy, the average growth rate of gross domestic product (GDP) of the whole country is expected to reach about 7,0%/year in the period of 2021 – 2030. In particular, the rate in the Southeast region and Red River Delta is expected to stand at 8-8,5%/year The country’s GDP per capita will reach 7.500 USD by 2030. Services will contribute more than half of the national GDP. Industry-construction will contribute over 40% to the national GDP. Agro-forestry-fishery will contribute less than 10% to the national GDP. The total factor productivity (TFP) is expected to contribute 50% of GDP growth; Develop the advantages of each socio-economic region. There will be northern and southern locomotive zones, with Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City as the growth poles, along with the North-South, Lao Cai-Hanoi-Hai Phong-Quang Ninh, and Moc Bai-HCM City-Vung Tau economic corridors with modern and synchronous infrastructure, high growth rate and great contributions to the overall development of the country; Basically formulate national urban network to ensure the high connectivity between national-level central urban areas and regional urban areas, rural areas. The urbanization rate is expected to exceed 50%Carry out national digital transformation and develop digital government, digital economy and digital society. The digital economy will make up 30% of GDP.
In terms of Society, by 2030, the population will reach about 105 million people. The human development index (HDI) will be maintained over 0,7. The average life expectancy will stand at 75 years, in which the health life expectancy will be at least 68 years. The average housing floor area per person in urban areas will reach at least 32 m
2; Develop Vietnamese education to achieve the advanced regional level. The country expects to be among the top 10 countries with the best higher education services in Asia The ratio of university students will reach 260 per ten thousand people. The rate of skilled workers with degrees and certificates is expected to be 35-40%; Raise the quality of medical services to match that of other developed countries in the region. Develop national network of medical facilities to meet requirements for care, protection and improvement of the health of the people towards the equity, quality, efficiency and international integration. By 2030, Vietnam aims to have 35 hospital beds and 19 doctors per 10.000 people. The rate of private hospital beds will stand at 15%; Develop national network of cultural facilities to well perform tasks in preservation and promotion of the value of the national cultural identity and to promote development of the culture industry of the country.
In terms of Environment, the forest cover rate will be maintained at 42 - 43%; improve the quality of forests, increase the area of nature reserves; protect and restore important natural ecosystems, improve the quality of biodiversity; the area of marine and coastal conservation zones will be 3-5% of the natural area of the national sea; the area of terrestrial nature reserves will reach 3 million ha; The rate of wastewater treatment that meets national technical regulations on environment before discharge into river basins will stand at over 70%. The rate of municipal solid waste subject to collection and treatment according to regulations will stand at 95%. The CO2 emissions intensity of GDP will decrease by at least 15% compared to 2014.
In terms of Infrastructure development, Form the basic framework of national infrastructure, including North-South traffic axes (Eastern North-South Expressway, some sections of Western North-South Expressway, coastal roads, important East-West traffic axes. Vietnam aims to have about 5.000 km of expressways throughout the country. Build some high-speed railway sections on the North-South route, railway lines in connection with major seaports and urban railways; international gateway ports in combination with transshipment, major international airports. Develop energy infrastructure, information technology, large urban areas, infrastructure for environmental protection, response to climate change. Strongly develop digital infrastructure, data infrastructure to create a foundation for national digital transformation and development of digital government, digital economy and digital society.
In terms of National defense and security, Firmly protect the independence, sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity of the country; closely and harmoniously combine economic, cultural and social development with the consolidation of national defense and security; maintain peaceful environment, political stability and ensure social order and safety.
The national master planning focus on the key tasks as follow:
- Build the basic framework of national infrastructure, focus on transport infrastructure, energy infrastructure, urban infrastructure, digital infrastructure, environmental protection, irrigation, prevention of natural disasters and adaptation to climate change and cultural and social infrastructure.
- Accelerate restructuring of the economy and development space, improve the productivity, quality and effectiveness. The priority is given to the development of some industries and sectors with potentials, advantages and big fiscal space to motivate the growth and improve the autonomy of the economy.
- Develop important locomotive zones and growth poles to form locomotives to attract national development. Select some locations, urban areas, regions with special advantages to construct economic and financial centers, administrative-economic units with special institutions, mechanisms and policies that have breakthroughs and high international competitiveness. At the same time, develop appropriate mechanisms and policies for the development of remote and rural areas, border areas and islands to contribute to political stability and maintain national defense and security.
- Form and develop economic corridors along the North-South and East-West axes in connection with seaports, airports, international border gates, major trading hubs, urban areas, economic centers and growth poles. Develop industrial - urban - service belts in large urban areas and locomotives zones.